h
Can sound either like "h" as in "help" or like "ch" in Scottish "loch".
hāhā
haha (laugh)
哈哈
hǎo
good
好
hē
to drink
喝
d
Sounds similar to "d" as in "dog", but voiceless. Strictly speaking, it is more like the unaspirated "t" in words like "stop".
dǎ
to hit
打
dédào
to obtain
得到
t
Sounds like "t" as in "time".
tā
he
他
tǎoyàn
dislike
讨厌
e
Sounds similar to "oo" as in "foot" or "u" as in "sung", but slightly different.
mén
door
门
miànfěn
flour
面粉
ao
Sounds similar to "ow" as in "how now brown cow".
dào
arrive
到
niǎo
bird
鸟
Single-syllable audio courtesy of the AllSet Learning Chinese Pronunciation Wiki, used with permission.
HSK word audio courtesy of Audio-cmn. (CC BY-SA 3.0)